Render Target: STATIC
Render Timestamp: 2024-12-26T11:30:07.609Z
Commit: f2d32940205a64f990b886d724ccee2c9935daff
XML generation date: 2024-09-20 06:22:20.554
Product last modified at: 2024-12-23T16:30:08.387Z
Cell Signaling Technology Logo
View Featured Offers >>
1% for the planet logo
PDP - Template Name: Antibody Sampler Kit
PDP - Template ID: *******4a3ef3a
  1. Products /
  2. Primary Antibodies /
  3. Toll-like Receptor Antibody Sampler Kit II

Toll-like Receptor Antibody Sampler Kit II #48697

    Product Information

    Kit Usage Information

    Protocols

    Product Description

    The Toll-like Receptor Antibody Sampler Kit II provides an economical means of detecting expression of various Toll-like receptors (TLRs). The kit contains enough primary and secondary antibodies to perform at least two western blot experiments.

    Specificity / Sensitivity

    Each antibody in the Toll-like Receptor Antibody Sampler Kit II detects endogenous levels of its target protein. Toll-like Receptor 3 (D10F10) Rabbit mAb detects a 75 kDa protein of unknown origin in some cell lines and tissues. Toll-like Receptor 6 (D1Z8B) Rabbit mAb detects a 72 kDa protein of unknown origin. Toll-like Receptor 6 (D1Z8B) Rabbit mAb is not approved for IP in mouse samples. Toll-like Receptor 8 (D3Z6J) Rabbit mAb detects 30 kDa and 37 kDa proteins of unknown origin. Toll-like Receptor 9 (D9M9H) XP® Rabbit mAb is predicted to react with known full-length isoforms of TLR9, but not with the cleaved TLR9 protein.

    Source / Purification

    Monoclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing rabbits with synthetic peptides corresponding to residues surrounding Val303 of human TLR2 protein, Val495 of human TLR3 protein, Pro47 of human TLR6 protein, Pro141 of human TLR8 protein, Pro450 of human TLR9 protein, or recombinant protein specific to the leucine-rich repeats within human TLR7 protein. Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues at the amino terminus of human TLR1 protein. Polyclonal antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.

    Background

    Members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family, named for the closely related Toll receptor in Drosophila, play a pivotal role in innate immune responses (1-4). TLRs recognize conserved motifs found in various pathogens and mediate defense responses (5-7). TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, TLR6, and TLR11 are localized to the plasma membrane, while TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9 are localized to intracellular membranes including endosomal membranes. Triggering of the TLR pathway leads to the activation of NF-κB and subsequent regulation of immune and inflammatory genes (4). The TLRs and members of the IL-1 receptor family share a conserved stretch of approximately 200 amino acids known as the Toll/Interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain (1). Upon activation, TLRs associate with a number of cytoplasmic adaptor proteins containing TIR domains, including myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), MyD88-adaptor-like/TIR-associated protein (MAL/TIRAP), Toll-receptor-associated activator of interferon (TRIF), and Toll-receptor-associated molecule (TRAM) (8-10). This association leads to the recruitment and activation of IRAK1 and IRAK4, which form a complex with TRAF6 to activate TAK1 and IKK (8,11-14). Activation of IKK leads to the degradation of IκB, which normally maintains NF-κB in an inactive state by sequestering it in the cytoplasm. TLR1 and TLR6 associate with TLR2 to cooperatively mediate response to bacterial lipoproteins and fungal zymosan (6,15). TLR3 is an endosomal TLR that recognizes double-stranded RNA derived from viruses (7). TLR7 and TLR8 recognize single-stranded viral RNA and are also activated by synthetic imidazoquinoline compounds including R-848 (16,17). TLR9 recognizes unmethylated CpG motifs present on bacterial DNA (18).
    1. Akira, S. (2003) J Biol Chem 278, 38105-8.
    2. Beutler, B. (2004) Nature 430, 257-63.
    3. Dunne, A. and O'Neill, L.A. (2003) Sci STKE 2003, re3.
    4. Medzhitov, R. et al. (1997) Nature 388, 394-7.
    5. Schwandner, R. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 17406-9.
    6. Takeuchi, O. et al. (1999) Immunity 11, 443-51.
    7. Alexopoulou, L. et al. (2001) Nature 413, 732-8.
    8. Zhang, F.X. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 7611-4.
    9. Horng, T. et al. (2001) Nat Immunol 2, 835-41.
    10. Oshiumi, H. et al. (2003) Nat Immunol 4, 161-7.
    11. Muzio, M. et al. (1997) Science 278, 1612-5.
    12. Wesche, H. et al. (1997) Immunity 7, 837-47.
    13. Suzuki, N. et al. (2002) Nature 416, 750-6.
    14. Irie, T. et al. (2000) FEBS Lett 467, 160-4.
    15. Ozinsky, A. et al. (2000) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97, 13766-71.
    16. Heil, F. et al. (2004) Science 303, 1526-9.
    17. Jurk, M. et al. (2002) Nat Immunol 3, 499.
    18. Hemmi, H. et al. (2000) Nature 408, 740-5.

    Database Links

    UniProt ID: O15455 , Q9Y2C9 , O60603 , Q9NR97 , Q9NYK1 , Q15399 , Q9NR96


    Entrez-Gene Id: 7098 , 10333 , 7097 , 51311 , 51284 , 7096 , 54106


    Limited Uses

    Except as otherwise expressly agreed in a writing signed by a legally authorized representative of CST, the following terms apply to Products provided by CST, its affiliates or its distributors. Any Customer's terms and conditions that are in addition to, or different from, those contained herein, unless separately accepted in writing by a legally authorized representative of CST, are rejected and are of no force or effect.

    Products are labeled with For Research Use Only or a similar labeling statement and have not been approved, cleared, or licensed by the FDA or other regulatory foreign or domestic entity, for any purpose. Customer shall not use any Product for any diagnostic or therapeutic purpose, or otherwise in any manner that conflicts with its labeling statement. Products sold or licensed by CST are provided for Customer as the end-user and solely for research and development uses. Any use of Product for diagnostic, prophylactic or therapeutic purposes, or any purchase of Product for resale (alone or as a component) or other commercial purpose, requires a separate license from CST. Customer shall (a) not sell, license, loan, donate or otherwise transfer or make available any Product to any third party, whether alone or in combination with other materials, or use the Products to manufacture any commercial products, (b) not copy, modify, reverse engineer, decompile, disassemble or otherwise attempt to discover the underlying structure or technology of the Products, or use the Products for the purpose of developing any products or services that would compete with CST products or services, (c) not alter or remove from the Products any trademarks, trade names, logos, patent or copyright notices or markings, (d) use the Products solely in accordance with CST Product Terms of Sale and any applicable documentation, and (e) comply with any license, terms of service or similar agreement with respect to any third party products or services used by Customer in connection with the Products.

    For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures.
    Cell Signaling Technology is a trademark of Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.
    XP is a registered trademark of Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.
    All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Visit our Trademark Information page.