FastScan™ TREM2 (Full-length) ELISA Kit #92265
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Supporting Data
| REACTIVITY | M |
Species Cross-Reactivity Key:
- M-Mouse
Product Information
Product Description
*Antibodies in this kit are custom formulations specific to kit.
IMPORTANT: This FastScan™ ELISA Kit requires 4 washes at Step 6 of the protocol.
Protocol
Specificity / Sensitivity
The FastScan™ TREM2 (Full-length) ELISA Kit detects endogenous levels of full-length mouse TREM2 protein, as shown in Figure 1. This kit detects proteins from the indicated species, as determined through in-house testing, but may also detect homologous proteins from other species. One ELISA antibody targets the carboxy-terminal region of mouse TREM2, while the other antibody targets the extracellular amino-terminal region of mouse TREM2.
Species Reactivity:
Mouse
Background
The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) protein is an innate immune receptor that is expressed on the cell surface of microglia, macrophages, osteoclasts, and immature dendritic cells (1). The TREM2 receptor is a single-pass type I membrane glycoprotein that consists of an extracellular immunoglobulin-like domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic tail. TREM2 interacts with the tyrosine kinase-binding protein DAP12 to form a receptor-signaling complex (2). The TREM2 protein plays a role in innate immunity and a rare functional variant (R47H) of TREM2 is associated with the late-onset risk of Alzheimer’s disease (1,3). Research studies using mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease indicate that deficiency and haploinsufficiency of TREM2 can lead to increased β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation as a result of dysfunctional microglial response (4). These results agree with the distribution of TREM2 in human brain regions (e.g., white matter, the hippocampus, and neocortex) that are involved in Alzheimer's disease pathology (2). In addition, amyloid plaque formation induces expression of TREM2 and amyloid phagocytosis (5). Loss-of-function mutations in the corresponding TREM2 or DAP12 genes can result in Nasu-Hakola disease, a rare form of progressive presenile dementia that results from polycystic osseous lesions (6). TREM2 membrane shedding occurs by cleavage at the extracellular site between H157/S158, generating an N-terminal shedded fragment and a membrane bound C-terminal fragment (7,8).
- Colonna, M. (2003) Nat Rev Immunol 3, 445-53.
- Jonsson, T. et al. (2013) N Engl J Med 368, 107-16.
- Boutajangout, A. and Wisniewski, T. (2013) Int J Cell Biol 2013, 576383.
- Wang, Y. et al. (2015) Cell 160, 1061-71.
- Melchior, B. et al. (2010) ASN Neuro 2, e00037.
- Klünemann, H.H. et al. (2005) Neurology 64, 1502-7.
- Thornton, P. et al. (2017) EMBO Mol Med 9, 1366-1378.
- Schlepckow, K. et al. (2017) EMBO Mol Med 9, 1356-1365.
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