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PDP - Template Name: Antibody Sampler Kit
PDP - Template ID: *******4a3ef3a
  1. Products /
  2. Primary Antibodies /
  3. Adipogenesis Marker Antibody Sampler Kit

Adipogenesis Marker Antibody Sampler Kit #12589

    Product Information

    Kit Usage Information

    Protocols

    Product Description

    The Adipogenesis Marker Antibody Sampler Kit provides an economical means to evaluate proteins involved in the regulation of adipogenesis. The kit includes enough antibody to perform two western blot experiments with each primary antibody.

    Specificity / Sensitivity

    Each antibody recognizes endogenous total levels of its specific target protein. The Adiponectin (C45B10) Rabbit mAb detects endogenous levels of total adiponectin protein monomer. It will not detect higher molecular weight forms of adiponectin. The Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase (C83B10) Rabbit mAb detects endogenous levels of all isoforms of acetyl-CoA carboxylase protein. The FABP4 Antibody may cross react with other FABP family members.

    Source / Purification

    Monoclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Ser523 of human acetyl-CoA carboxylase α1, to human adiponectin, to the sequence of mouse FABP4, to residues surrounding Gly46 of human fatty acid synthase, to residues surrounding Ile419 of human perilipin/perilipin-1 protein, to residues surrounding Ala176 of human C/EBPα protein, or to residues surrounding Asp69 of human PPARγ.

    Background

    Adipocytes are the primary cellular component of adipose tissue and play a key role in the storage of triacylglycerol. Adipogenesis is the cellular process where preadipocytes differentiate into adipocytes.

    Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) act as cytoplasmic lipid chaperones by binding fatty acids and lipids for transport to various cellular pathways (1,2). The predominant fatty acid binding protein found in adipocytes is FABP4.

    Adiponectin is an adipokine expressed exclusively in brown and white adipocytes and is secreted into the blood. It exists in three major forms: a low molecular weight trimer, a medium molecular weight hexamer and a high molecular weight multimer (3). Decreased adiponectin levels are seen in obese and insulin-resistant mice and humans (4), suggesting that this adipokine is critical for maintenance of insulin sensitivity.

    Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a transcriptional activator preferentially expressed in adipocytes, vascular smooth muscle cells, and macrophages (5,6).

    Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) is a key fatty acid biosynthesis and oxidation enzyme that is responsible for the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA, (7). Phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase by AMPK at Ser79 or by PKA at Ser1200 inhibits ACC enzymatic activity (8). ACC is a potential target of anti-obesity drugs (9,10).

    CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs) transcription factors are critical for cellular differentiation, terminal function, and the inflammatory response (11). Phosphorylation of C/EBPα at Thr222, Thr226, and Ser230 by GSK-3 may be required for adipogenesis (12).

    Perilipin localizes to the periphery of lipid droplets and serves as a protective coating against lipases. Evidence suggests that PKA regulates lipolysis by phosphorylating perilipin (13-17), resulting in a conformational change that exposes lipid droplets to endogenous, hormone-sensitive lipases (14). Hence, perilipin plays a pivotal role in lipid storage (14,17).

    Fatty acid synthase (FASN) catalyzes the synthesis of long-chain fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA. FASN is active as a homodimer with seven different catalytic activities and produces lipids in the liver for export to metabolically active tissues or storage in adipose tissue. In most other human tissues, FASN is minimally expressed since they rely on circulating fatty acids for new structural lipid synthesis (18).
    1. Tuncman, G. et al. (2006) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103, 6970-5.
    2. Haunerland, N.H. and Spener, F. (2004) Prog Lipid Res 43, 328-49.
    3. Kadowaki, T. et al. (2006) J Clin Invest 116, 1784-92.
    4. Hu, E. et al. (1996) J Biol Chem 271, 10697-703.
    5. Tontonoz, P. et al. (1995) Curr Opin Genet Dev 5, 571-6.
    6. Rosen, E.D. et al. (1999) Mol Cell 4, 611-7.
    7. Castle, J.C. et al. (2009) PLoS One 4, e4369.
    8. Ha, J. et al. (1994) J Biol Chem 269, 22162-8.
    9. Abu-Elheiga, L. et al. (2001) Science 291, 2613-6.
    10. Levert, K.L. et al. (2002) J Biol Chem 277, 16347-50.
    11. Lekstrom-Himes, J. and Xanthopoulos, K.G. (1998) J Biol Chem 273, 28545-8.
    12. Ross, S.E. et al. (1999) Mol Cell Biol 19, 8433-41.
    13. Greenberg, A.S. et al. (1991) J Biol Chem 266, 11341-6.
    14. Brasaemle, D.L. (2007) J Lipid Res 48, 2547-59.
    15. Ducharme, N.A. and Bickel, P.E. (2008) Endocrinology 149, 942-9.
    16. Egan, J.J. et al. (1990) J Biol Chem 265, 18769-75.
    17. Brasaemle, D.L. et al. (2009) Mol Cell Biochem 326, 15-21.
    18. Katsurada, A. et al. (1990) Eur J Biochem 190, 427-33.

    Database Links

    UniProt ID: P15090 , Q13085 , P37231 , O00763 , P49715 , P49327 , Q15848 , O60240


    Entrez-Gene Id: 2167 , 31 , 5468 , 32 , 1050 , 2194 , 9370 , 5346


    Limited Uses

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    Products are labeled with For Research Use Only or a similar labeling statement and have not been approved, cleared, or licensed by the FDA or other regulatory foreign or domestic entity, for any purpose. Customer shall not use any Product for any diagnostic or therapeutic purpose, or otherwise in any manner that conflicts with its labeling statement. Products sold or licensed by CST are provided for Customer as the end-user and solely for research and development uses. Any use of Product for diagnostic, prophylactic or therapeutic purposes, or any purchase of Product for resale (alone or as a component) or other commercial purpose, requires a separate license from CST. Customer shall (a) not sell, license, loan, donate or otherwise transfer or make available any Product to any third party, whether alone or in combination with other materials, or use the Products to manufacture any commercial products, (b) not copy, modify, reverse engineer, decompile, disassemble or otherwise attempt to discover the underlying structure or technology of the Products, or use the Products for the purpose of developing any products or services that would compete with CST products or services, (c) not alter or remove from the Products any trademarks, trade names, logos, patent or copyright notices or markings, (d) use the Products solely in accordance with CST Product Terms of Sale and any applicable documentation, and (e) comply with any license, terms of service or similar agreement with respect to any third party products or services used by Customer in connection with the Products.

    For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures.
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