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Render Timestamp: 2024-11-21T12:42:32.964Z
Commit: 5c4accf06eb7154018ba3f54329c7590f97f534a
XML generation date: 2024-09-30 01:57:35.420
Product last modified at: 2024-11-08T14:00:15.937Z
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PDP - Template Name: Monoclonal Antibody
PDP - Template ID: *******c5e4b77
  1. Products /
  2. Primary Antibodies /
  3. GITR (E9O9H) Rabbit mAb
R Recombinant
Recombinant: Superior lot-to-lot consistency, continuous supply, and animal-free manufacturing.

GITR (E9O9H) Rabbit mAb #37472

Filter:
  • WB
  • IHC
  • IF
  • F

    Supporting Data

    REACTIVITY M
    SENSITIVITY Endogenous
    MW (kDa) 40-50
    Source/Isotype Rabbit IgG
    Application Key:
    • WB-Western Blotting 
    • IHC-Immunohistochemistry 
    • IF-Immunofluorescence 
    • F-Flow Cytometry 
    Species Cross-Reactivity Key:
    • M-Mouse 

    Product Information

    Product Usage Information

    Application Dilution
    Western Blotting 1:1000
    IHC Leica Bond 1:200 - 1:800
    Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin) 1:100 - 1:400
    Immunofluorescence (Frozen) 1:50 - 1:200
    Flow Cytometry (Fixed/Permeabilized) 1:50 - 1:100
    Flow Cytometry (Live) 1:50 - 1:100

    Storage

    Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA, 50% glycerol and less than 0.02% sodium azide. Store at –20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody.

    For a carrier free (BSA and azide free) version of this product see product #34457.

    Protocol

    Specificity / Sensitivity

    GITR (E9O9H) Rabbit mAb recognizes endogenous levels of total mouse GITR protein. Non-specific staining was observed in mouse testis by immunohistochemistry.

    Species Reactivity:

    Mouse

    Source / Purification

    Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Val95 of mouse GITR protein.

    Background

    TNFRSF18, also known as glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor-receptor (TNFR)-related protein (GITR) and activation-inducible TNFR family receptor, encodes a type 1 membrane protein of the TNF-receptor superfamily (1). Three alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported (2). GITR is an immune cell co-stimulatory receptor expressed constitutively at high levels on CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells (Tregs), at low levels on naïve and memory T cells, and is induced upon T cell activation (3-5). Studies show GITR can also be induced on NK cells, macrophages, and DCs (3,4,6). Although GITR does not have intrinsic enzymatic activity, TNFSF18 (also known as GITRL) expressed on antigen presenting cells binds to GITR, resulting in recruitment of TNFR-associated factor family members and activation of the NF-κB pathway in T cells (7). GITR ligation has been shown to play a role in CD8+ T cell activation, cytotoxicity, and memory T cell survival (8-10). In the thymus, GITR is thought to play a key role in dominant immunological self-tolerance through thymic Treg differentiation and expansion (11). Of note, GITR ligation inhibits Treg suppressive function (12-13) and promotes effector T cell resistance to Treg suppression (14-15). Due to the combined effects on both Treg suppression and effector cell activation, GITR represents a unique opportunity for immunotherapeutic intervention in cancer (16).
    1. Nocentini, G. et al. (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94, 6216-21.
    2. Nocentini, G. et al. (2000) Cell Death Differ 7, 408-10.
    3. Shimizu, J. et al. (2002) Nat Immunol 3, 135-42.
    4. Nocentini, G. and Riccardi, C. (2009) Adv Exp Med Biol 647, 156-73.
    5. McHugh, R.S. et al. (2002) Immunity 16, 311-23.
    6. Hanabuchi, S. et al. (2006) Blood 107, 3617-23.
    7. Snell, L.M. et al. (2011) Immunol Rev 244, 197-217.
    8. Ronchetti, S. et al. (2007) J Immunol 179, 5916-26.
    9. Kim, I.K. et al. (2015) Nat Med 21, 1010-7.
    10. Snell, L.M. et al. (2012) J Immunol 188, 5915-23.
    11. Petrillo, M.G. et al. (2015) Autoimmun Rev 14, 117-26.
    12. Kanamaru, F. et al. (2004) J Immunol 172, 7306-14.
    13. Valzasina, B. et al. (2005) Blood 105, 2845-51.
    14. Stephens, G.L. et al. (2004) J Immunol 173, 5008-20.
    15. Nishikawa, H. et al. (2008) Cancer Res 68, 5948-54.
    16. Knee, D.A. et al. (2016) Eur J Cancer 67, 1-10.

    Database Links

    UniProt ID: O35714


    Entrez-Gene Id: 21936


    Limited Uses

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    For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures.
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