Render Target: STATIC
Render Timestamp: 2024-11-07T11:02:21.299Z
Commit: 3c1f305a63297e594ac8d7bb5424007d592d68be
XML generation date: 2024-09-30 01:57:33.554
Product last modified at: 2024-10-28T11:30:15.078Z
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PDP - Template Name: Monoclonal Antibody
PDP - Template ID: *******c5e4b77
R Recombinant
Recombinant: Superior lot-to-lot consistency, continuous supply, and animal-free manufacturing.

Phospho-CD28 (Tyr191) (E5B9Z) Rabbit mAb #16399

Filter:
  • WB
  • IP

    Supporting Data

    REACTIVITY H M
    SENSITIVITY Endogenous
    MW (kDa) 40
    Source/Isotype Rabbit IgG
    Application Key:
    • WB-Western Blotting 
    • IP-Immunoprecipitation 
    Species Cross-Reactivity Key:
    • H-Human 
    • M-Mouse 

    Product Information

    Product Usage Information

    Application Dilution
    Western Blotting 1:1000
    Immunoprecipitation 1:200

    Storage

    Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA, 50% glycerol and less than 0.02% sodium azide. Store at –20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody.

    Protocol

    Specificity / Sensitivity

    Phospho-CD28 (Tyr191) (E5B9Z) Rabbit mAb recognizes endogenous levels of CD28 protein only when phosphorylated at Tyr191. This antibody shows cross-reactivity with phosphorylated EGFR, ERBB2, and CSF1R, and detects a 70-80 kDa band of unknown origin in some treated cell lines.

    Species Reactivity:

    Human, Mouse

    Source / Purification

    Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Tyr191 of human CD28 protein.

    Background

    CD28 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed by T cells as well as some other hematopoietic cells (1, 2). T cell activation requires T cell receptor (TCR) recognition of antigen presented in the context of MHC molecules. CD28 acts as a T cell costimulatory receptor, and interaction of CD28 with its ligands CD80 or CD86 provides the second signal required for naïve T cell activation (3-5). Activation of naïve T cells in the absence of CD28 stimulation can result in a state of T cell anergy, or unresponsiveness (3). CD28 signals through cytoplasmic phospho-tyrosine motifs that bind several SH2 or SH3 domain-containing proteins involved in T cell activation (2). Recently, CD28 was demonstrated to be a preferred target of PD-1-mediated dephosphorylation. Consistently, CD28 expression was required for T cell proliferation following PD-1 blockade and CD28 stimulation was required for effective anti-PD-1 cancer immunotherapy in mice (6, 7). Several CD28 isoforms are produced by alternative splicing (8).
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