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Render Timestamp: 2025-01-03T12:20:48.817Z
Commit: 286c369131ceeedcf44c821941824d8d7e009e57
XML generation date: 2024-08-30 10:36:36.424
Product last modified at: 2025-01-01T09:05:41.394Z
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PDP - Template Name: Monoclonal Antibody
PDP - Template ID: *******c5e4b77
  1. Products /
  2. Primary Antibodies /
  3. S100A4 (D9F9D) Rabbit mAb (BSA and Azide Free)
R Recombinant
Recombinant: Superior lot-to-lot consistency, continuous supply, and animal-free manufacturing.

S100A4 (D9F9D) Rabbit mAb (BSA and Azide Free) #48842

Filter:
  • WB
  • IHC

    Supporting Data

    REACTIVITY H M
    SENSITIVITY Endogenous
    MW (kDa) 12
    Source/Isotype Rabbit IgG
    Application Key:
    • WB-Western Blotting 
    • IHC-Immunohistochemistry 
    Species Cross-Reactivity Key:
    • H-Human 
    • M-Mouse 

    Product Information

    Product Usage Information

    This product is the carrier free version of product #13018. All data were generated using the same antibody clone in the standard formulation which contains BSA and glycerol.

    This formulation is ideal for use with technologies requiring specialized or custom antibody labeling, including fluorophores, metals, lanthanides, and oligonucleotides. It is not recommended for ChIP, ChIP-seq, CUT&RUN or CUT&Tag assays. If you require a carrier free formulation for chromatin profiling, please contact us. Optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.

    BSA and Azide Free antibodies are quality control tested by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) to determine antibody integrity.

    Formulation

    Supplied in 1X PBS (10 mM Na2HPO4, 3 mM KCl, 2 mM KH2PO4, and 140 mM NaCl (pH 7.8)). BSA and Azide Free.

    For standard formulation of this product see product #13018

    Storage

    Store at -20°C. This product will freeze at -20°C so it is recommended to aliquot into single-use vials to avoid multiple freeze/thaw cycles. A slight precipitate may be present and can be dissolved by gently vortexing. This will not interfere with antibody performance.

    Specificity / Sensitivity

    S100A4 (D9F9D) Rabbit mAb (BSA and Azide Free) recognizes endogenous levels of total S100A4 protein.

    Species Reactivity:

    Human, Mouse

    Source / Purification

    Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Ala54 of human S100A4 protein.

    Background

    Despite their relatively small size (8-12 kDa) and uncomplicated architecture, S100 proteins regulate a variety of cellular processes, such as cell growth and motility, cell cycle progression, transcription, and differentiation. To date, 25 members have been identified, including S100A1-S100A18, trichohyalin, filaggrin, repetin, S100P, and S100Z, making it the largest group in the EF-hand, calcium-binding protein family. Interestingly, 14 S100 genes are clustered on human chromosome 1q21, a region of genomic instability. Research studies have demonstrated that significant correlation exists between aberrant S100 protein expression and cancer progression. S100 proteins primarily mediate immune responses in various tissue types but are also involved in neuronal development (1-4).

    Each S100 monomer bears two EF-hand motifs and can bind up to two molecules of calcium (or other divalent cation in some instances). Structural evidence shows that S100 proteins form antiparallel homo- or heterodimers that coordinate binding partner proximity in a calcium-dependent (and sometimes calcium-independent) manner. Although structurally and functionally similar, individual members show restricted tissue distribution, are localized in specific cellular compartments, and display unique protein binding partners, which suggests that each plays a specific role in various signaling pathways. In addition to an intracellular role, some S100 proteins have been shown to act as receptors for extracellular ligands or are secreted and exhibit cytokine-like activities (1-4).

    Research studies have shown that S100A4 is overexpressed in highly metastatic cancers, which makes it useful as a marker of tumor progression (5,6) and may serve as a prognostic factor in several cancer types (7-10). S100A4 exerts its function via direct interaction with a number of proteins including P53, P63, nonmuscle myosin IIA, α6β4 integrin, and liprin b1 (11-15). S100A4 is present in the nucleus, cytoplasm and extracellular space. Intracellular and extracellular S100A4 both promote cell migration via interaction with different proteins. Researchers have recently discovered that S100A4 also functions as a neuroprotectant in the peripheral nervous system (16,17).
    1. Heizmann, C.W. et al. (2002) Front Biosci 7, d1356-68.
    2. Donato, R. (2003) Microsc Res Tech 60, 540-51.
    3. Marenholz, I. et al. (2004) Biochem Biophys Res Commun 322, 1111-22.
    4. Santamaria-Kisiel, L. et al. (2006) Biochem J 396, 201-14.
    5. Ismail, N.I. et al. (2008) Cancer Cell Int 8, 12.
    6. Ismail, T.M. et al. (2010) J Biol Chem 285, 914-22.
    7. Rudland, P.S. et al. (2000) Cancer Res 60, 1595-603.
    8. Huang, L.Y. et al. (2011) World J Gastroenterol 17, 69-78.
    9. Wang, L.J. et al. (2012) Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 20, 71-6.
    10. Kang, Y.G. et al. (2012) J Surg Oncol 105, 119-24.
    11. Kriajevska, M.V. et al. (1994) J Biol Chem 269, 19679-82.
    12. Takenaga, K. et al. (1994) J Cell Biol 124, 757-68.
    13. Kriajevska, M. et al. (2002) J Biol Chem 277, 5229-35.
    14. Kim, T.H. et al. (2009) Mol Cancer Res 7, 1605-12.
    15. van Dieck, J. et al. (2010) Oncogene 29, 2024-35.
    16. Dmytriyeva, O. et al. (2012) Nat Commun 3, 1197.
    17. Moldovan, M. et al. (2013) Mol Med 19, 43-53.

    Database Links

    UniProt ID: P26447


    Entrez-Gene Id: 6275


    Limited Uses

    Except as otherwise expressly agreed in a writing signed by a legally authorized representative of CST, the following terms apply to Products provided by CST, its affiliates or its distributors. Any Customer's terms and conditions that are in addition to, or different from, those contained herein, unless separately accepted in writing by a legally authorized representative of CST, are rejected and are of no force or effect.

    Products are labeled with For Research Use Only or a similar labeling statement and have not been approved, cleared, or licensed by the FDA or other regulatory foreign or domestic entity, for any purpose. Customer shall not use any Product for any diagnostic or therapeutic purpose, or otherwise in any manner that conflicts with its labeling statement. Products sold or licensed by CST are provided for Customer as the end-user and solely for research and development uses. Any use of Product for diagnostic, prophylactic or therapeutic purposes, or any purchase of Product for resale (alone or as a component) or other commercial purpose, requires a separate license from CST. Customer shall (a) not sell, license, loan, donate or otherwise transfer or make available any Product to any third party, whether alone or in combination with other materials, or use the Products to manufacture any commercial products, (b) not copy, modify, reverse engineer, decompile, disassemble or otherwise attempt to discover the underlying structure or technology of the Products, or use the Products for the purpose of developing any products or services that would compete with CST products or services, (c) not alter or remove from the Products any trademarks, trade names, logos, patent or copyright notices or markings, (d) use the Products solely in accordance with CST Product Terms of Sale and any applicable documentation, and (e) comply with any license, terms of service or similar agreement with respect to any third party products or services used by Customer in connection with the Products.

    For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures.
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