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Render Timestamp: 2024-11-22T11:59:21.898Z
Commit: 5c4accf06eb7154018ba3f54329c7590f97f534a
XML generation date: 2024-10-24 09:48:09.194
Product last modified at: 2024-09-20T07:08:15.740Z
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PDP - Template Name: Oligo Antibody Pair
PDP - Template ID: *******46423d7

CTLA-4 (E2V1Z) & CO-0078-647 SignalStar Oligo-Antibody Pair #61847

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  • IHC

Order Information # 61847

This product is not sold separately. Please see the SignalStar™ Multiplex IHC Panel Builder Tool for ordering information.

    Product Information

    Product Usage Information

    Application Dilution
    SignalStar™ Leica Bond 1:50 - 1:200
    SignalStar™ Manual 1:50 - 1:200

    Storage

    SignalStar conjugates are supplied in PBS (pH 7.2), less than 0.1% sodium azide, 2 mM EDTA, 0.05% Triton X-100, 2 mg/mL BSA, and 50% glycerol. Complementary oligos are supplied in nuclease-free water. Store at -20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody. All components in this kit are stable for at least 12 months when stored at the recommended temperature.

    Product Description

    SignalStar multiplex immunohistochemistry (IHC) is an advanced technology for labeling multiple proteins simultaneously in tissue samples using specific primary antibodies and fluorescent detection reagents. This technology offers accuracy and reliability in visualizing and analyzing protein expression while maintaining spatial context and tissue architecture.

    SignalStar Oligo-Antibody Pairs are compatible with the SignalStar Multiplex IHC Buffer Kits for use in fluorescent multiplex imaging experiments. This product includes the oligo-conjugated antibodies and complementary oligos required for labeling your target protein on up to 10 slides. SignalStar Multiplex IHC Buffer Kits are required to amplify and image the target signal. Multiple oligo-antibody pairs can be conveniently combined into a multiplex panel using the SignalStar Multiplex IHC Panel Builder. SignalStar Multiplex IHC Kits & Reagents are not compatible with all of Cell Signaling Technology® products and protocols that are recommended for use in immunohistochemical assays.

    Protocol

    Specificity / Sensitivity

    CTLA-4 (E2V1Z) Rabbit mAb (SignalStar™ Conjugate 0078) recognizes endogenous levels of total CTLA-4 protein. Non-specific staining was observed in mouse and human normal and neoplastic liver, human normal kidney, and mouse stomach crypts.


    Species Reactivity:

    Human, Mouse

    Source / Purification

    Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Gln216 of human CTLA-4 protein.

    Background

    Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4 (CTLA-4, CD152) is an Ig superfamily member that negatively regulates early T cell activation (1-4). The CTLA-4 protein is primarily expressed on T cells, including CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, CD4+ helper T cells, and CD4+/FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (1,2). CTLA-4 protein competes with CD28 for B7.1 (CD80) and B7.2 (CD86) binding at the cell surface, which results in the downregulation of T cell activity (5). The activation of SHP-2 and PP2A downstream of CTLA-4 attenuates TCR signaling (6). Research studies indicate that CTLA4 knockout mice display lymphoproliferative disorders leading to early death, confirming the role of CTLA-4 as a negative regulator of T cells (7). Mutations in the corresponding CTLA4 gene are associated with multiple disorders, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, Graves' disease, Hashimoto thyroiditis, celiac disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, and type V autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (8,9). Additional studies demonstrate that CTLA-4 blockade is an effective strategy for tumor immunotherapy (10-12).
    For Research Use Only. Not For Use In Diagnostic Procedures.
    Cell Signaling Technology is a trademark of Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.
    SignalStar is a trademark of Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.
    U.S. Patent No. 10,781,477, foreign equivalents, and child patents deriving therefrom.
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